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Frequency of Concussion Publicity Modulates Suicidal Ideation, Planning, and Makes an attempt Amongst U.S. Excessive College College students
Kay JJM, Coffman CA, Tavakoli AS, Torres-McGehee TM, Broglio SP, Moore RD. J Athl Coaching. 2022 doi: 10.10.4085/1062-6050-0117.22. Epub forward of print.
Full Textual content Freely Accessible
Take-House Message
Highschool college students who reported a sport- and recreation-related concussion prior to now 12 months have been extra prone to report depressive signs and suicidal ideation than those that didn’t. College students who reported a number of concussions prior to now 12 months have been about twice as prone to report trying suicide than those that reported a single concussion.
Background
A historical past of repetitive concussions could enhance the danger of opposed psychological well being outcomes, together with suicidal ideation, the second main explanation for loss of life in adolescents in america. Nevertheless, we lack proof to tell medical apply about this danger in adolescents and whether or not the danger differs amongst men and women.
Examine Aim
Kay and colleagues accomplished a retrospective cross-sectional research to look at the affiliation between concussion frequency and suicidal ideation or habits amongst organic men and women.
Strategies
The researchers used information from the Nationwide Youth Threat Habits Surveillance System to discover this query. The survey was administered in 2017 and 2019 to college students in 9th by way of 12th grade in each personal and public colleges. The authors summarized the self-reported sports- or recreation-related concussion historical past responses as 1) no historical past, 2) a single concussion, or 3) a number of concussions. The survey included 5 sure/no questions relating to psychological well being: 1) feeling disappointment/hopelessness, 2) suicidal ideation, 3) suicidal planning, 4) suicide makes an attempt, and 5) injurious suicide makes an attempt. The timeframe for all variables was “inside the final 12 months.”
Outcomes
Fifteen p.c of respondents reported no less than one concussion within the final 12 months. A bigger proportion of feminine respondents reported sure to every psychological well being query. The authors noticed an general relationship between concussion historical past and the prospect of reporting emotions of despair, suicidal ideation, and behaviors. Respondents who reported a number of concussions prior to now 12 months have been about twice as prone to report trying suicide than those that reported a single concussion. Whereas this discovering occurred amongst men and women, this affiliation was stronger in males.
Viewpoints
Apparently, the authors discovered {that a} highschool scholar who reviews a historical past of concussion within the prior 12 months may very well be extra prone to report opposed psychological well being outcomes. Nevertheless, in addition they noticed that when an individual sustains a number of concussions, they might be at even higher danger for trying suicide. Nevertheless, this information comes from a cross-sectional survey. Therefore, it’s not possible to know the timing of those opposed psychological well being outcomes. May they precede the concussion and trigger somebody to take extra dangers and expertise extra concussions? Is that this an acute or persistent consequence that develops after concussions, or a vicious cycle the place a concussion causes opposed psychological well being outcomes that will increase their danger for one more concussion and worse outcomes that manifest as trying suicide? This info will likely be important to grasp to assist inform prevention methods. Hopefully, this research encourages future longitudinal analysis that may assess the timing of occasions and the impression of a number of concussions. Future analysis might additionally discover the function of concussion severity regarding psychological well being outcomes.
Medical Implications
Clinicians ought to acknowledge that even a single concussion may very well be associated to destructive psychological well being outcomes inside 12 months. Clinicians ought to monitor psychological well being outcomes after a concussion and educate members of the family about recognizing modifications to a affected person’s psychological well being standing.
Questions for Dialogue
How do you at present talk about or monitor a affected person’s psychological well being following a concussion? Is there something you’ll contemplate altering in your medical apply contemplating the findings of this research?
Written by Kyle Harris
Reviewed by Jeffrey Driban
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